{"id":57061,"date":"2019-12-20T00:00:01","date_gmt":"2019-12-20T00:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/avian-influenza-a-global-disease\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T13:10:06","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T18:10:06","slug":"avian-influenza-a-global-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/resource-center\/blog\/avian-influenza-a-global-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Ptasia grypa: Globalna choroba"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ptasia grypa jest naturalnie wyst\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105\nPtasia grypa jest chorob\u0105 naturalnie wyst\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 u ptak\u00f3w i mo\u017ce zainfekowa\u0107 zak\u0142ady drobiarskie na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie. Jest bardzo\nzara\u017aliwa i mo\u017ce szybko rozprzestrzenia\u0107 si\u0119 w stadach drobiu, a niekt\u00f3re jej rodzaje\npowoduj\u0105c wysok\u0105 \u015bmiertelno\u015b\u0107 oraz spadek produkcji i jako\u015bci jaj.\nPodczas wybuchu wysoce zjadliwej grypy ptak\u00f3w, zaka\u017cone stada musz\u0105 zosta\u0107 ca\u0142kowicie wybite.\nmusz\u0105 zosta\u0107 ca\u0142kowicie wybite. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr Kateri Bertran Dols, badaczka z Instytutu Bada\u0144 nad\nInstytutu Bada\u0144 i Technologii Rolno-Spo\u017cywczych w Barcelonie, wyg\u0142osi\u0142a prezentacj\u0119 podczas\npodczas Mi\u0119dzynarodowego Seminarium Drobiarskiego Zinpro, kt\u00f3re obejmowa\u0142o\nna temat ptasiej grypy, czynnik\u00f3w ryzyka zaka\u017cenia i tego, co producenci drobiu mog\u0105 zrobi\u0107, aby zapobiec wybuchowi epidemii.\ndrobiu mog\u0105 zrobi\u0107, aby zapobiec wybuchom epidemii. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usiedli\u015bmy z ni\u0105 po jej prezentacji, aby\nuzyska\u0107 wi\u0119cej szczeg\u00f3\u0142\u00f3w na temat choroby i tego, co mo\u017cemy zrobi\u0107, aby zmniejszy\u0107 prawdopodobie\u0144stwo\njej przedostania si\u0119 do naszych zak\u0142ad\u00f3w drobiarskich. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pytania i odpowiedzi z dr Kateri Bertran Dols. <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Marco Rebollo: Jakie s\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne rodzaje\nGrypa i czym si\u0119 od siebie r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kateri Bertran Dols: G\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0105\nmi\u0119dzy ka\u017cdym typem jest to, jaki gatunek mo\u017ce zainfekowa\u0107. Na przyk\u0142ad grypa A,\nzara\u017ca ptaki i ludzi, podczas gdy B zara\u017ca tylko ludzi, C zara\u017ca ludzi i \u015bwinie, a D mo\u017ce zara\u017ca\u0107 \u015bwinie i byd\u0142o.\n\u015bwinie, a D mo\u017ce zara\u017ca\u0107 \u015bwinie i byd\u0142o. Dodatkowo istniej\u0105 dwie\npodkategorie ptasiej grypy: Nisko zjadliwa grypa ptak\u00f3w (LPAI) i\nwysoce zjadliwa grypa ptak\u00f3w (HPAI), w oparciu o ich patogenno\u015b\u0107 u kurczak\u00f3w.\nkurcz\u0105t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LPAI powoduje \u0142agodne objawy kliniczne lub ich brak\nwraz z niewielk\u0105 lub zerow\u0105 \u015bmiertelno\u015bci\u0105. Jednak\u017ce, LPAI mo\u017ce spowodowa\u0107 spadek produkcji jaj w okresie\nmi\u0119dzy 2% a 50%, a tak\u017ce niewielki spadek jako\u015bci jaj. Co wa\u017cniejsze\nco wa\u017cniejsze, LPAI mo\u017ce by\u0107 zaostrzona przez inne wsp\u00f3\u0142infekcje lub czynniki \u015brodowiskowe\nczynniki \u015brodowiskowe i mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c zaostrza\u0107 inne choroby. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z drugiej strony, HPAI mo\u017ce by\u0107 znacznie bardziej\nproblematyczne dla producent\u00f3w drobiu, powoduj\u0105c wysok\u0105 \u015bmiertelno\u015b\u0107 do 100%\ni do 100% spadku produkcji jaj. Gwa\u0142towne obni\u017cenie jako\u015bci jaj\njest bardzo typowe w przypadku zaka\u017cenia uk\u0142adu rozrodczego ptak\u00f3w.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MR: Jakie s\u0105 najcz\u0119stsze sposoby rozprzestrzeniania si\u0119 ptasiej grypy?\ngrypa mo\u017ce si\u0119 rozprzestrzenia\u0107? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

KBD: Istnieje wiele sposob\u00f3w rozprzestrzeniania si\u0119 wirusa ptasiej grypy\nmo\u017ce przenosi\u0107 si\u0119 z ptaka na ptaka, z obiektu do obiektu, a nawet z kraju do kraju.\nPtaki mog\u0105 zosta\u0107 zara\u017cone wirusem ptasiej grypy po wej\u015bciu w kontakt\nz wirusem rozsianym przez innego ptaka poprzez jego \u015blin\u0119, wydzielin\u0119 z nosa lub odchody.\nodchody. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wirus mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c rozprzestrzenia\u0107 si\u0119 z powodu ludzkich\nczynniki, takie jak s\u0142abe bezpiecze\u0144stwo biologiczne w zak\u0142adach drobiarskich. Jednym z przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w s\u0105\nci\u0119\u017car\u00f3wki przewo\u017c\u0105ce pasz\u0119 lub materia\u0142y z jednego zak\u0142adu drobiarskiego do drugiego.\nOpony mog\u0105 zebra\u0107 wirusa w postaci ska\u017conego b\u0142ota lub obornika i przetransportowa\u0107 go do innego zak\u0142adu.\ni przetransportowa\u0107 go do innego zak\u0142adu. Sami pracownicy na fermie drobiu mog\u0105\nmog\u0105 nawet rozprzestrzenia\u0107 wirusa, je\u015bli przemieszczaj\u0105 si\u0119 z zak\u0142adu do zak\u0142adu bez\nzmieniaj\u0105c lub czyszcz\u0105c swoje ubrania i buty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Istniej\u0105 badania, kt\u00f3re sugeruj\u0105, \u017ce wiatr\nmo\u017ce przenosi\u0107 wirusa drog\u0105 powietrzn\u0105, ale to dzikie ptaki wodne sprawiaj\u0105, \u017ce\nwirus globalny. Kaczki i g\u0119si mog\u0105 dos\u0142ownie przenosi\u0107 wirusa przez kontynenty,\nw wielu przypadkach nie wykazuj\u0105c \u017cadnych objaw\u00f3w choroby. Zazwyczaj pierwsze\nwprowadzenie wirusa do drobiu odbywa si\u0119 poprzez kontakt z wirusami LPAI\nprzenoszonymi przez dzikie ptaki wodne, ale p\u00f3\u017aniejsze rozprzestrzenianie si\u0119 w\u015br\u00f3d gospodarstw jest zwykle\nspowodowane dzia\u0142alno\u015bci\u0105 cz\u0142owieka, z ryzykiem mutacji wirusa LPAI do postaci HPAI.\nHPAI. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MR: Co zatem mog\u0105 zrobi\u0107 producenci drobiu z punktu widzenia\nbezpiecze\u0144stwa biologicznego, aby zapobiec rozprzestrzenianiu si\u0119 ptasiej grypy? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

KBD: Bezpiecze\u0144stwo biologiczne jest pierwsz\u0105 lini\u0105 obrony\nprzed ptasi\u0105 gryp\u0105. Wa\u017cne jest, aby upewni\u0107 si\u0119, \u017ce wszystko, co przychodzi\ndo obiektu i opuszcza obiekt jest wolne od wirusa, w tym same ptaki i pasza.\nptaki i ich pasza. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zacznij od czyszczenia i dezynfekcji kurnik\u00f3w\ni u\u017cywanie zdezynfekowanej \u015bci\u00f3\u0142ki. Wyczy\u015b\u0107 i zdezynfekuj przewody wodne, aby\naby wirus nie przedosta\u0142 si\u0119 do wody pitnej ptak\u00f3w. Regularnie czy\u015b\u0107 i dezynfekuj\nci\u0119\u017car\u00f3wki i ko\u0142a, kt\u00f3re b\u0119d\u0105 przyje\u017cd\u017ca\u0107 i wyje\u017cd\u017ca\u0107 z zak\u0142adu, aby wirus nie rozprzestrzenia\u0142 si\u0119 t\u0105 drog\u0105.\nwirus nie rozprzestrzenia\u0142 si\u0119 w ten spos\u00f3b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nale\u017cy nosi\u0107 jednorazow\u0105 odzie\u017c i ochraniacze na buty oraz\nUpewnij si\u0119, \u017ce regularnie czy\u015bcisz i dezynfekujesz swoje ubrania i buty, aby\naby nie przenosi\u0107 wirusa z domu do domu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aby zapobiec pierwotnemu\nz dzikiego ptactwa wodnego, nale\u017cy hodowa\u0107 dr\u00f3b w zamkni\u0119ciu lub, je\u015bli jest hodowany\nz dost\u0119pem na zewn\u0105trz, zamyka\u0107 ptaki w okre\u015blonych okresach migracji dzikich ptak\u00f3w wodnych.\nptak\u00f3w wodnych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MR: A co ze szczepionkami? Co producenci\nmusz\u0105 o nich wiedzie\u0107? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

KBD: Gdy eliminacja zaka\u017conego drobiu\nnie jest w stanie kontrolowa\u0107 rozprzestrzeniania si\u0119 wirusa, szczepionki mog\u0105 by\u0107 u\u017cytecznym narz\u0119dziem w kompleksowym programie zwalczania ptasiej grypy.\nprogramu zwalczania ptasiej grypy, gdy s\u0105 stosowane w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z innymi sk\u0142adnikami\nsk\u0142adnikami kontroli choroby. Istnieje kilka w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci, kt\u00f3re musi posiada\u0107 szczepionka, aby\naby by\u0142a skuteczna przeciwko wirusowi, kt\u00f3remu ma zapobiega\u0107. Po pierwsze\nPo pierwsze, szczep szczepionki musi by\u0107 genetycznie wystarczaj\u0105co podobny do szczepu ptasiej grypy, kt\u00f3ry kr\u0105\u017cy.\nszczepu ptasiej grypy, kt\u00f3ry kr\u0105\u017cy w terenie. Je\u015bli szczepionka nie jest\ngenetycznie wystarczaj\u0105co podobna, ptaki nie wytworz\u0105 odporno\u015bci na ten konkretny szczep ptasiej grypy.\nkonkretny szczep wirusa ptasiej grypy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inn\u0105 istotn\u0105 cech\u0105 skutecznych szczepionek\nszczepionek jest liczba zastosowanych szczepie\u0144; ptaki musz\u0105 otrzyma\u0107\nwystarczaj\u0105c\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 antygenu szczepionkowego, aby pobudzi\u0107 ich uk\u0142ad odporno\u015bciowy i zapobiec\nchorobom i \u015bmierci, a tak\u017ce zmniejszy\u0107 replikacj\u0119 wirusa i jego wydalanie do \u015brodowiska.\n\u015brodowiska. Nie tylko pojedyncza dawka musi by\u0107 wystarczaj\u0105co silna, ale tak\u017ce\nnale\u017cy r\u00f3wnie\u017c upewni\u0107 si\u0119, \u017ce ptaki s\u0105 szczepione wystarczaj\u0105c\u0105 liczb\u0119 razy. Wiele ptak\u00f3w b\u0119dzie\ntrzeba zaszczepi\u0107 dwa lub trzy razy w r\u00f3\u017cnych momentach ich \u017cycia. A\npojedyncza dawka mo\u017ce nie wystarczy\u0107 do ochrony przed wirusem przez ca\u0142e \u017cycie.\nca\u0142e \u017cycie. Liczba koniecznych szczepie\u0144 b\u0119dzie zale\u017ce\u0107 od kilku czynnik\u00f3w,\ntakich jak presja infekcji w danym obszarze geograficznym, rodzaj drobiu lub d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 cyklu produkcyjnego.\nlub d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 cyklu produkcyjnego. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wydajne minera\u0142y \u015bladowe mog\u0105 pom\u00f3c w zapobieganiu\/\u0142agodzeniu infekcji wirusem ptasiej grypy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Uzupe\u0142nianie diety drobiu cynkiem pochodz\u0105cym z\u00a0Availa\u00ae<\/sup>Zn<\/a>\u00a0i mangan z Availa\u00ae<\/sup>Mn<\/a> pomaga zapewni\u0107 szybk\u0105 i siln\u0105 odpowied\u017a zapaln\u0105 na wyzwania immunologiczne. Zapewniaj\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wsparcie dla barier nab\u0142onkowych w drogach oddechowych i usprawniaj\u0105 ich proces gojenia, ograniczaj\u0105c dost\u0119p i namna\u017canie si\u0119 patogen\u00f3w. Podawanie cynku i manganu z minera\u0142\u00f3w \u015bladowych wykaza\u0142o, \u017ce zwi\u0119ksza skuteczno\u015b\u0107 szczepie\u0144 u m\u0142odych ptak\u00f3w, szczeg\u00f3lnie w produkcji bez antybiotyk\u00f3w. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skontaktuj si\u0119 z przedstawicielem Zinpro<\/a> ju\u017c dzi\u015b, aby dowiedzie\u0107 si\u0119 wi\u0119cej na temat zapobiegania ptasiej grypie w zak\u0142adach drobiarskich dzi\u0119ki Zinpro Performance Minerals<\/a>\u00ae<\/a><\/sup>. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ptasia grypa jest bardzo zara\u017aliwa i mo\u017ce szybko zainfekowa\u0107 zak\u0142ady drobiarskie na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie. Chorob\u0119 mo\u017cna kontrolowa\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 szczepionek, odpowiednich \u015brodk\u00f3w bezpiecze\u0144stwa biologicznego i \u0142agodzi\u0107 j\u0105 za pomoc\u0105 minera\u0142\u00f3w \u015bladowych. Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej od dr Kateri Bertran Dols z Agrifood Research and Technology.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":57062,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_eb_attr":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","_ecp_custom_2":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2682],"tags":[2683,2702,2684,2685,2694,2712],"species":[942],"class_list":["post-57061","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-animal-performance","tag-antibiotic-free-production","tag-health","tag-immunity","tag-mortality","tag-respiratory"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAvian Influenza: A Global Disease – Zinpro\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"posts from Zinpro\u00ae about Avian Influenza: A Global Disease . 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