{"id":56141,"date":"2018-10-04T20:59:59","date_gmt":"2018-10-04T20:59:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/providing-clean-water-improves-dairy-cattle-nutrition-and-production\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T13:09:36","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T18:09:36","slug":"providing-clean-water-improves-dairy-cattle-nutrition-and-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/resource-center\/blog\/providing-clean-water-improves-dairy-cattle-nutrition-and-production\/","title":{"rendered":"Zapewnienie czystej wody poprawia \u017cywienie i produkcj\u0119 byd\u0142a mlecznego"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po powietrzu, woda jest najwa\u017cniejszym sk\u0142adnikiem od\u017cywczym dla zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich, ale jej ilo\u015b\u0107 i jako\u015b\u0107 s\u0105 cz\u0119sto pomijane w wielu hodowlach. Zapewnienie bezpiecznej, czystej wody ma kluczowe znaczenie dla maksymalizacji produkcji mleka i wydajno\u015bci reprodukcyjnej kr\u00f3w. Krowy potrzebuj\u0105 czystej wody do normalnego trawienia, prawid\u0142owego przep\u0142ywu paszy przez przew\u00f3d pokarmowy, prawid\u0142owego wch\u0142aniania sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w od\u017cywczych, normalnej obj\u0119to\u015bci krwi i zapotrzebowania tkanek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-water-quality-by-the-numbers\">Jako\u015b\u0107 wody w liczbach<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Krowy zu\u017cywaj\u0105 od 30 do 50 galon\u00f3w (115-190 litr\u00f3w) wody dziennie, mimo \u017ce pij\u0105 j\u0105 przez zaledwie 20-30 minut dziennie. Woda stanowi 87 procent mleka produkowanego przez krowy mleczne. Woda pitna zaspokaja od 60 do 80 procent zapotrzebowania na wod\u0119 kr\u00f3w w okresie zasuszenia i laktacji, podczas gdy pasza zaspokaja wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 pozosta\u0142ego zapotrzebowania na wod\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Water_Sources-1-1024x623.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15225\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-common-signs-of-poor-water-quality\">Typowe oznaki niskiej jako\u015bci wody<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Niska jako\u015b\u0107 wody pitnej mo\u017ce skutkowa\u0107 zmniejszon\u0105 produkcj\u0105 mleka i niepowodzeniami w rozrodzie kr\u00f3w. Niekt\u00f3re z typowych objaw\u00f3w z\u0142ej jako\u015bci wody u kr\u00f3w obejmuj\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Obni\u017cona funkcja odporno\u015bciowa i podwy\u017cszona liczba kom\u00f3rek somatycznych, co mo\u017ce prowadzi\u0107 do zmniejszonej produkcji i jako\u015bci mleka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zwi\u0119kszone niepowodzenia w rozrodzie kr\u00f3w, w tym niepowodzenia zap\u0142odnienia, wczesne obumieranie zarodk\u00f3w i poronienia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zwi\u0119kszona liczba przerw w karmieniu i nieregularne wzorce \u017cywieniowe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problemy ze zdrowiem lub wydajno\u015bci\u0105<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obrz\u0119ki lub zaburzenia trawienia u zwierz\u0105t zast\u0119pczych<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pogarszaj\u0105cy si\u0119 stan zdrowia nowo przyby\u0142ych ja\u0142\u00f3wek lub kr\u00f3w zasuszonych<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nietypowy smak, zapach lub kolor wody pitnej<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-calves-need-high-quality-drinking-water-too\">Ciel\u0119ta r\u00f3wnie\u017c potrzebuj\u0105 wysokiej jako\u015bci wody pitnej<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozwa\u017caj\u0105c potrzeby w zakresie jako\u015bci wody, wiele os\u00f3b bierze pod uwag\u0119 potrzeby kr\u00f3w produkuj\u0105cych mleko lub rozmna\u017caj\u0105cych si\u0119, ale ciel\u0119ta potrzebuj\u0105 dost\u0119pu do wysokiej jako\u015bci wody pitnej w takim samym stopniu. Jako\u015b\u0107 wody u\u017cywanej do produkcji preparatu mlekozast\u0119pczego ma kluczowe znaczenie dla zdrowia ciel\u0105t, a dost\u0119pno\u015b\u0107 \u015bwie\u017cej wody wp\u0142ywa r\u00f3wnie\u017c na spo\u017cycie sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w od\u017cywczych i wzrost ciel\u0105t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wed\u0142ug bada\u0144 przeprowadzonych przez dr Donn\u0119 M. Amaral-Phillips z University of Kentucky, ciel\u0119tom nale\u017cy oferowa\u0107 wod\u0119 do wyboru wraz z pasz\u0105 starterow\u0105 dla ciel\u0105t, pocz\u0105wszy od 4 dnia \u017cycia. Badania sugeruj\u0105, \u017ce pozbawienie ciel\u0105t \u015bwie\u017cej wody zmniejsza pobranie startera o 31% i zmniejsza przyrost masy cia\u0142a o 38%. Ciel\u0119ta karmione wod\u0105 z wolnego wyboru mia\u0142y r\u00f3wnie\u017c mniejsz\u0105 cz\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 wyst\u0119powania zarazy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Niekt\u00f3re oznaki z\u0142ej jako\u015bci wody u ciel\u0105t mlecznych s\u0105 podobne do tych wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych u dojrza\u0142ych kr\u00f3w:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zwi\u0119kszona cz\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 wyst\u0119powania wylew\u00f3w i zaburze\u0144 trawiennych<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zmniejszone kompetencje immunologiczne<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obni\u017cony dzienny przyrost masy cia\u0142a i efektywno\u015b\u0107 \u017cywienia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zwi\u0119kszona liczba przypadk\u00f3w niejedzenia i nieregularne zachowania \u017cywieniowe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-water-quantity-and-availability-is-equally-important-as-quality\">Ilo\u015b\u0107 i dost\u0119pno\u015b\u0107 wody jest r\u00f3wnie wa\u017cna jak jej jako\u015b\u0107<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Krowy sp\u0119dzaj\u0105 do czterech do pi\u0119ciu godzin dziennie na jedzeniu, ale tylko 20 do 30 minut dziennie na piciu wody, co sprawia, \u017ce dost\u0119pno\u015b\u0107 i \u0142atwy dost\u0119p do czystej, bezpiecznej wody jest kluczowym czynnikiem w zaspokajaniu potrzeb krowy w zakresie nawodnienia. Krowa zale\u017cy od \u0142atwo dost\u0119pnej wody, aby utrzyma\u0107 obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 krwi, funkcjonowanie tkanek, aktywno\u015b\u0107 \u017cwacza i prawid\u0142owy przep\u0142yw paszy przez przew\u00f3d pokarmowy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby zoptymalizowa\u0107 zu\u017cycie wody przez krowy mleczne, nale\u017cy zapewni\u0107 im bezpo\u015bredni dost\u0119p do czystej wody po wyj\u015bciu z hali udojowej i w odleg\u0142o\u015bci 15 metr\u00f3w od stanowiska paszowego. W ka\u017cdym kojcu powinny by\u0107 dost\u0119pne co najmniej dwa funkcjonuj\u0105ce poid\u0142a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Niekt\u00f3re dodatkowe sposoby optymalizacji zu\u017cycia wody przez krowy mleczne obejmuj\u0105 nast\u0119puj\u0105ce kwestie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zapewnij odpowiednie nat\u0119\u017cenie przep\u0142ywu, aby utrzyma\u0107 minimaln\u0105 g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 wody w rynnie na poziomie 3 cali (7,6 centymetra).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zapewni\u0107 dost\u0119pn\u0105 przestrze\u0144 w korycie wynosz\u0105c\u0105 3,5 cala bie\u017c\u0105cego (9 centymetr\u00f3w bie\u017c\u0105cych) na krow\u0119.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitorowanie napi\u0119cia b\u0142\u0105dz\u0105cego w korytach wodnych i na obszarach wok\u00f3\u0142 nich.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-testing-drinking-water-for-quality\">Badanie jako\u015bci wody pitnej<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Producenci mleka powinni bada\u0107 wod\u0119 pitn\u0105 swoich kr\u00f3w dwa razy w roku, p\u00f3\u017anym latem i zim\u0105. Poni\u017cej wymieniono, co producenci powinni bada\u0107 podczas testowania wody:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ca\u0142kowite rozpuszczone substancje sta\u0142e, pH i twardo\u015b\u0107<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nadmiar minera\u0142\u00f3w lub zwi\u0105zk\u00f3w, takich jak siarczany, chlorki, \u017celazo, mangan i azotany.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Liczba bakterii z grupy coli i bakterii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toksyczne zwi\u0105zki, w tym metale ci\u0119\u017ckie, fosforany organiczne, PCB i w\u0119glowodory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Badanie rozpuszczonych cia\u0142 sta\u0142ych jest pierwsz\u0105 rzecz\u0105, kt\u00f3r\u0105 nale\u017cy oceni\u0107 i ujawni sum\u0119 wszystkich rozpuszczonych i zawieszonych substancji nieorganicznych obecnych w pr\u00f3bce wody. Wiadomo, \u017ce wysokie st\u0119\u017cenia siarczan\u00f3w, chlork\u00f3w, \u017celaza, manganu i azotan\u00f3w znacz\u0105co wp\u0142ywaj\u0105 na wydajno\u015b\u0107 zwierz\u0105t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Common_Water_Problems_and_Treatments-1-1024x868.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15228\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ponadto badanie wody pod k\u0105tem zawarto\u015bci \u017celaza ma kluczowe znaczenie, poniewa\u017c szacuje si\u0119, \u017ce wch\u0142ania si\u0119 ono w 100 procentach. Je\u015bli poziom \u017celaza w wodzie pitnej jest wy\u017cszy ni\u017c 0,3 ppm, mo\u017ce to powodowa\u0107 problemy dla kr\u00f3w, w tym zmniejszon\u0105 smakowito\u015b\u0107 i zwi\u0119kszony stres oksydacyjny, przyczyniaj\u0105c si\u0119 do dysfunkcji uk\u0142adu odporno\u015bciowego. Mo\u017ce to prowadzi\u0107 do zapalenia sutka i zapalenia macicy lub zmniejszonego wch\u0142aniania miedzi, manganu i cynku z diety kr\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Woda zanieczyszczona bakteriami z grupy coli mo\u017ce by\u0107 szkodliwa zar\u00f3wno dla ludzi, jak i zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich, podczas gdy azotany i azotyny mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 niewydolno\u015b\u0107 reprodukcyjn\u0105, obni\u017cony wzrost u m\u0142odych zwierz\u0105t i mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 s\u0142ab\u0105 zdolno\u015b\u0107 krwi do przenoszenia tlenu. Og\u00f3lnie rzecz bior\u0105c, siarczany maj\u0105 dzia\u0142anie przeczyszczaj\u0105ce na zwierz\u0119ta gospodarskie, co zmniejsza wydajno\u015b\u0107 paszy i wydajno\u015b\u0107. Siarka i siarczany mog\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wp\u0142ywa\u0107 na szybko\u015b\u0107 wch\u0142aniania miedzi i selenu, stwarzaj\u0105c potrzeb\u0119 dostosowania poziom\u00f3w suplement\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zinpro-s-h20-water-analysis-program-helps-assess-water-quality\">Zinpro's H<sub>2<\/sub>0 Program analizy wody pomaga oceni\u0107 jako\u015b\u0107 wody<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/performance-solutions\/production-optimization-tools\/h2o-water-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zinpro H<sub>2<\/sub>0 Program analizy wody<\/a> to narz\u0119dzie, kt\u00f3re krok po kroku wprowadza producent\u00f3w zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich i drobiu na drog\u0119 do optymalnej jako\u015bci wody. Program analizuje, a nast\u0119pnie por\u00f3wnuje pr\u00f3bki wody z normami jako\u015bci wody. Wyniki mog\u0105 pom\u00f3c dietetykom, producentom i weterynarzom zidentyfikowa\u0107 obszary budz\u0105ce obawy i przejrze\u0107 oznaki potencjalnej toksykozy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-getting-the-best-results\">Uzyskiwanie najlepszych wynik\u00f3w<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Test wody jest tylko tak dobry, jak dostarczona pr\u00f3bka i laboratorium, kt\u00f3re przeprowadza test. Wybieraj\u0105c laboratorium, wybierz takie, kt\u00f3re ma do\u015bwiadczenie w testowaniu wody dla zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich i mleczarni, aby zapewni\u0107 prawid\u0142owe wyniki. Poni\u017cej znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 dodatkowe kroki zapewniaj\u0105ce uzyskanie jak najdok\u0142adniejszych wynik\u00f3w testu wody:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u017cywaj sterylnych, plastikowych butelek dostarczonych przez laboratorium testowe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zwr\u00f3\u0107 pr\u00f3bki wody do laboratorium w ci\u0105gu 24 godzin od pobrania.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00f3bka z tego samego \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a wody, z kt\u00f3rego pij\u0105 krowy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00f3bki nale\u017cy pobiera\u0107 ze strumienia wpadaj\u0105cego do poid\u0142a, a nie bezpo\u015brednio z basenu z wod\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pobieranie pr\u00f3bek wody z wi\u0119cej ni\u017c jednego kojca, obory lub koryta w wi\u0119cej ni\u017c jednej lokalizacji.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pozostawi\u0107 wod\u0119 na kilka minut przed rozpocz\u0119ciem pobierania pr\u00f3bki.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Po zako\u0144czeniu analizy, producenci mleka mog\u0105 zacz\u0105\u0107 podejmowa\u0107 decyzje dotycz\u0105ce poprawy jako\u015bci wody. Typowe metody uzdatniania wody, w zale\u017cno\u015bci od problemu, obejmuj\u0105 dezynfekcj\u0119, zmi\u0119kczanie wody, filtracj\u0119 \u017celaza i odwr\u00f3con\u0105 osmoz\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/performance-solutions\/production-optimization-tools\/h2o-water-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zinpro H<sub>2<\/sub>0 Program analizy wody<\/a> zaleca przeprowadzenie dodatkowej analizy, je\u015bli woda zawiera jakiekolwiek pierwiastki, kt\u00f3re zbli\u017caj\u0105 si\u0119 lub przekraczaj\u0105 po\u017c\u0105dane limity dla zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich.  Badania pokazuj\u0105, \u017ce Zinpro Performance Minerals<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> s\u0105 bardziej metabolicznie dost\u0119pne dla zwierz\u0105t w obecno\u015bci antagonist\u00f3w mineralnych w wodzie ni\u017c inne formy minera\u0142\u00f3w \u015bladowych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Dissolve_Solids_for_Livestock_Water-1-1024x555.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15231\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby uzyska\u0107 wi\u0119cej informacji na temat korzy\u015bci p\u0142yn\u0105cych z otrzymania kompleksowej oceny wody za pomoc\u0105 aplikacji <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/performance-solutions\/production-optimization-tools\/h2o-water-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zinpro H<sub>2<\/sub>0 Program analizy wody<\/a> lub o w\u0142\u0105czeniu Zinpro Performance Minerals do programu \u017cywienia zwierz\u0105t gospodarskich, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/lets-connect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">skontaktuj si\u0119 z przedstawicielem Zinpro ju\u017c dzi\u015b.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Testowanie wody pitnej dla kr\u00f3w ma kluczowe znaczenie dla upewnienia si\u0119, \u017ce woda jest czysta i bezpieczna do spo\u017cycia, jednak r\u00f3wnie wa\u017cne jest zapewnienie krowom \u0142atwego dost\u0119pu do wody pitnej. Dowiedz si\u0119, w jaki spos\u00f3b testowanie wody i zapewnienie krowom czystej i bezpiecznej wody mo\u017ce zwi\u0119kszy\u0107 produkcj\u0119 i unikn\u0105\u0107 problem\u00f3w z rozrodem kr\u00f3w.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":55900,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_eb_attr":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","_ecp_custom_2":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2682],"tags":[2693,2683,2705],"species":[940],"class_list":["post-56141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-animal-husbandry","tag-animal-performance","tag-water-quality"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Providing Clean Water Improves Dairy Cattle Nutrition and Production &#8211; Zinpro\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"posts from Zinpro\u00ae about Providing Clean Water Improves Dairy Cattle Nutrition and Production . 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Discover how testing your water and keeping your cows\u2019 water supply clean and safe can boost production and avoid&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56141\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56141"},{"taxonomy":"species","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/species?post=56141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}