{"id":57103,"date":"2020-01-30T01:00:35","date_gmt":"2020-01-30T01:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/managing-stress-in-aquaculture-production-with-performance-trace-minerals\/"},"modified":"2024-02-05T15:52:41","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T20:52:41","slug":"managing-stress-in-aquaculture-production-with-performance-trace-minerals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/en_na\/resource-center\/blog\/managing-stress-in-aquaculture-production-with-performance-trace-minerals\/","title":{"rendered":"Managing Stress in Aquaculture Production with Performance Trace Minerals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Much like in other species of animals, stress\nin aquaculture can significantly impact fish and shrimp production. When fish\nand shrimp become stressed, they often expend additional energy and nutrients\nfighting against the stressor and any resulting inflammation, regardless of\nwhat may be causing the stress. This will lead to fewer nutrients and lower\nlevels of energy available for growth and performance, ultimately resulting in\nlower market weights. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One common cause of stress in aquaculture is\nhigh stocking density. High stocking densities increase the probability of fish\nsustaining a skin lesion or injury, which can lead to bacterial or pathogenic\ninfections that cause illness. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stress can also be caused by environmental\nchanges such as poor water quality or drastic swings in water temperature\nand\/or salinity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-water-quality-important-for-fish-and-shrimp-production\">Water Quality Important for Fish and Shrimp Production<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Water quality is essential to fish and shrimp\nproduction. If oxygen levels are not optimal, fish and shrimp may become\nstressed due to limited oxygen availability, which can affect their swimming,\nfeeding activity and nutrient metabolism, ultimately restricting growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both fish and shrimp exhibit reductions in\nimmune parameters when exposed to environmental stressors, such as changes in\nwater salinity and temperature, resulting in reduced resistance to pathogens. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Changes in salinity and water temperature have\na huge impact on farmed shrimp, affecting their growth, molting and survival.\nWhen transferred to low-salinity waters, white shrimp <em>L. vannamei<\/em> showed\nmarked decreases in hemocyte counts, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst\nand superoxide dismutase activity, all important markers of innate immunity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Increased water temperature may also result in\nmetabolic stress and cause serious damage to cold-blooded fish species.\nElevated water temperatures result in increased oxygen consumption and may\ninfluence several redox-related biomarkers and redox homeostasis of fish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-optimize-aquaculture-nutrition-with-performance-trace-minerals\">Optimize Aquaculture Nutrition with Performance Trace Minerals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fish have both enzymatic and non-enzymatic\nantioxidative defense systems against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related\ndamage. Antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione\nperoxidase (GPx) and catalase scavenge free radicals and contribute to the\nbody\u2019s enzymatic antioxidative defenses. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These enzymes require trace minerals like selenium, iron, copper, zinc and manganese for optimal activity. Inadequate dietary intake of these trace minerals may compromise the effectiveness of these antioxidant defense mechanisms. Activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) significantly increased in European seabass supplemented with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/en_na\/performance-solutions\/we-know-trace-minerals\/\">Zinpro Performance Minerals<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> at one-half the level of inorganic trace minerals, indicating that Zinpro Performance Minerals (in particular <a href=\"\/en_na\/products\/availa-mins\/availa-se\/\">Availa<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>Se<\/a> vs. Selenite), is more effective in sustaining antioxidant capacity in European seabass. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AquacultureProduction_Dec23_5-768x499-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15107\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Adding Zinpro Performance Minerals to aquaculture nutrition programs can help improve the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as antioxidant functions. It is essential to formulate functional feed that optimizes growth performance and enhances the capacity of fish and shrimp to minimize stress. Research has revealed that replacing inorganic sources of zinc in shrimp diets with <a href=\"\/en_na\/products\/availa-mins\/availa-zn\/\">Availa<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> Zn<\/a> yielded 5% more growth after eight weeks. Replacing zinc with Availa-Zn and inorganic selenium with Availa-Se increased hemocyte count and phenoloxidase activity, both key biomarkers of shrimp immune response. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AquacultureProduction_Dec23_4-768x499-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15111\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AquacultureProduction_Dec23_3-768x499-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15114\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Another key performance parameter is mortality. In one study, partially replacing inorganic sources of trace minerals with Zinpro Performance Minerals reduced cumulative mortality in shrimp by about 20% seven days after being challenged with <em>Vibrio harveyi.<\/em> The mortality rate dropped further when inorganic trace mineral sources were replaced entirely with Zinpro Performance Minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15117\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15120\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Functional feeds supplemented with performance\ntrace minerals contribute to enhancing the fish and shrimp\u2019s abilities to cope\nwith stressful situations such as disease, handling, transport and\nvaccinations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more research study details, download the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Zinpro-Performance-Minerals-Delivers-Proven-Benefits-for-Shrimp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Essential Trace Minerals for Exceptional Performance<\/a><\/em> brochure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-performance-trace-minerals-improve-aquaculture-ability-to-respond\">Performance Trace Minerals Improve Aquaculture Ability to Respond<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zinpro Performance Trace Minerals can\nsignificantly improve the ability of shrimp and fish to mount a rapid and\nrobust immune response when under disease and stress pressure. This may result\nin higher growth rates, reduced mortality and improved overall health in\naquaculture production systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about including performance trace minerals in your aquaculture nutrition program, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/en_na\/lets-connect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">contact a Zinpro representative today<\/a>. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Environmental factors like high stocking density and water quality can cause stress in aquaculture production and hinder performance and well-being. Discover how formulating an aquaculture nutrition program with performance trace minerals can improve the ability of fish and shrimp to rapidly recover from stress.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":57109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_eb_attr":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","_ecp_custom_2":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2682],"tags":[2683,2685,2686,2694,2713,2705],"species":[987],"class_list":["post-57103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-animal-performance","tag-immunity","tag-inflammation","tag-mortality","tag-stress","tag-water-quality"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Managing Stress in Aquaculture Production with Performance Trace Minerals &#8211; Zinpro\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Blog posts from Zinpro\u00ae about Managing Stress in Aquaculture Production with Performance Trace Minerals . Read more here.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/en_na\/resource-center\/blog\/managing-stress-in-aquaculture-production-with-performance-trace-minerals\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Managing Stress in Aquaculture Production with Performance Trace Minerals &#8211; Zinpro\u00ae\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Blog posts from Zinpro\u00ae about Managing Stress in Aquaculture Production with Performance Trace Minerals . 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