{"id":56968,"date":"2019-09-26T22:00:06","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T22:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/controlling-ketosis-in-dairy-cows\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T13:10:01","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T18:10:01","slug":"controlling-ketosis-in-dairy-cows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zinpro.com\/en_na\/resource-center\/blog\/controlling-ketosis-in-dairy-cows\/","title":{"rendered":"Controlling Ketosis in Dairy Cows"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ketosis in dairy cows is a metabolic disorder\nthat typically occurs within two weeks post-calving. After calving, the demand\nfor milk production increases substantially, and cows are unable to consume\nadequate energy to sustain performance, causing them to be in a negative energy\nbalance. As a result, cows mobilize body fat in order to maintain energy for\nmilk production and post-calving recovery, which increases blood levels of\nnon-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and lowers body condition score (BCS). When\nNEFAs overwhelm the liver\u2019s capacity to metabolize them, an excess load of\nketone bodies (partially oxidized fatty acids) will result, which ultimately\nmay lead to ketosis. Excessive inflammation around the point of calving can\nincrease the risk of ketosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learn More: Transition Cow Nutrition Requirements<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clinical ketosis in dairy cows can have a\nnegative impact on peak milk yield. If cows have a lower milk yield at their\npeak, it will have a negative impact on total milk production throughout the\nentire lactation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ketosis may also impair dry matter intake,\nwhich increases the rate of BCS loss and will have a negative impact on\nreproductive performance. Cows that lost 0.5 to 1 point of BCS within the first\nfive weeks post-calving were shown to be open 16 days longer compared to cows that\nlost less than 0.5 BCS five weeks post-calving. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

How to Spot Ketosis in Your Lactating Dairy Cows<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The symptoms of ketosis in dairy cows are easy\nto spot without running tests when it is severe and the cow is showing clinical\nsigns. In severe cases, cows may have a lethargic look. They will go off feed\nand will lose body condition in a short amount of time due to the mobilization\nof body fat to make up for the negative energy balance. Losing a full body\ncondition score in the first 30 days of milk is unacceptable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Excessive BCS loss, especially in the first 30\ndays of milk, is an indicator of a severe negative energy balance. Cows that\nlose significant body condition during the first 30 days of milk will take\nlonger to get pregnant and have less persistent lactations. Significant body\ncondition loss during the first 30 days of milk can also have a negative impact\non milk quality due to a greater inability for a cow to fight intramammary\ninfection. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The subclinical state is more prevalent in\nearly lactation cows and can be detected by blood or milk ketone tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To catch ketosis before it becomes clinical,\ndairy operations have been conducting routine blood tests as a part of their\nfresh cow screening protocol. These blood tests detect elevated ketone levels\nin the blood indicative of subclinical ketosis in dairy cows. Ketones appear in\na cow\u2019s blood when there is a glucose (energy) deficiency. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proper Management to Control Ketosis in Dairy Cows<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While some nutritional factors can play a role\nin controlling the negative impacts of ketosis in dairy cows, management is\nkey. In fact, some cows can have high levels of ketones and still perform if it\nis managed properly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following management practices can help\nyou control the negative consequences of ketosis on your dairy operation: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Prevent overcrowding in your transition cow\nfacilities.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As dairies become larger, there is often a\ntendency for overcrowding, especially during times when there is a flush of\ncalving. Dairy producers may have adjusted their facilities as their dairy herd\nhas expanded, but many still have not adjusted their transition cow facilities\nto match the size of their herd. Overcrowding can reduce feed intake by adding\nstress and by physically limiting the amount of feed bunk space available to\neach cow.  Lastly, overcrowding\nnegatively affects quality lying time, which increases the risk of hoof lesions\ndeveloping in the first 100 days in milk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Don\u2019t co-mingle cows and heifers.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heifers will be more stressed when mingling\nwith older cows. This can also cause a reduction in dry matter intake and\nfurther contributes to a negative energy balance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Reduce the number of pen movements.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is a social hierarchy in dairy herds,\nand moving a cow into a new pen with cows it is not familiar with can add\nadditional stress. Try moving the cows as a group so they can be with other\ncows they are familiar with. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Monitor body condition scores in\nlate-lactation cows.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Group body condition scores should be\nmonitored in the last trimester of lactation and corrected before cows enter\nthe dry cow pen. Once they are in the dry pen, it will be difficult to correct\ntheir body condition score without increasing the risk of transition cow disorders.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Performance Trace Minerals: Part of a Ketosis Mitigation Program<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As mentioned previously, inflammation, whether\nit is from mastitis, lameness or other health events, will consume glucose and\nlead to ketosis in dairy cows, especially in cows that have recently calved and\nare already dealing with a reduced dry matter intake. If you can control\ninflammation, you can control ketosis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learn more: Managing Reproductive Tract Inflammation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Performance trace minerals provide a more\nrobust immune response during calving and during transition, helping to improve\na cow\u2019s inflammatory response and reducing the incidence and severity of\nketosis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zinc is important for improving gut integrity.\nThe gut is responsible for 70% of an animal\u2019s immune function. Manganese is\nimportant for gluconeogenesis and plays a role in calcium reabsorption, while\ncopper is important for immune function. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cobalt plays a role in vitamin B-12\nproduction, which is essential for gluconeogenesis. Chromium, in markets where\nit is approved, is important for numerous functions, including glucose\nmetabolism and insulin activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zinpro<\/a>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> Availa\u00ae<\/sup> Dairy<\/a>, Zinpro\u00ae<\/sup> Availa\u00ae<\/sup> Se<\/a>* and Zinpro\u00ae<\/sup> MICROPLEX\u00ae<\/sup><\/a>* contain performance trace minerals that aid in controlling inflammation and helping mitigate the impact of ketosis on dairy operations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Audit Your Management Systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In addition to including Zinpro Performance Minerals\u00ae<\/sup><\/a> in their transition cow diets, dairy producers should implement a fresh cow monitoring strategy with their veterinarian. Ensure that you are covering all transition issues and all your prevention measures are in place. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dairy producers should also consider auditing their transition cow management. Look at feed space, group changes, cow comfort, heat abatement and your hoof trimming protocol prior to dry-off. Visit the Dairyland Initiative<\/a> online for more tips on transition cow facility management, grouping strategies and dry cow management. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

To learn more about including performance trace minerals in your transition cow nutrition plan, contact your Zinpro representative today<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

*All products not available in all markets.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ketosis in dairy cows can have a negative impact on peak milk production, dairy cow reproduction and body condition score. Learn how to control ketosis in dairy cows with proper transition cow management strategies and performance trace minerals.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":56969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_eb_attr":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","_ecp_custom_2":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2682],"tags":[2683,2684],"species":[940],"class_list":["post-56968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-animal-performance","tag-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nControlling Ketosis in Dairy Cows – Zinpro\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"posts from Zinpro\u00ae about Controlling Ketosis in Dairy Cows . 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